Life is full of funny moments, and not just for humans.

Over the years, studies by various groups have suggested that monkeys, dogs and even rats love a good laugh. People, meanwhile, have been laughing since before they could talk.

Jaak Panksepp, a professor at Bowling Green State University, US, said he would not be surprised if positive feelings could be produced in some animals.

Dolphins, for example, have long attracted animal researchers because of the complex (复杂的) ways in which they communicate: a rich variety of sounds of different rhythms.

A decade ago, researchers studying dolphins at the Kolmarden Wildlife Park in Sweden noticed a set of sounds the dolphins made during play-fighting. They concluded that the purpose of the sound was to suggest that the situation was pleasant and to prevent it from a real fight.

Panksepp has even seen evidence of joy in crayfish (小龙虾). When given small amounts of drugs such as cocaine (可卡因) in a certain place, they appear to connect that location with pleasure.

“Given the chance, they will always return to that place, perhaps in the hope of getting more,” he says. Panksepp wasn’t sure it equals the same happiness that humans get from cocaine, but said it “could be in the same evolutionary category”.

More studies are needed to really understand animals’ laughter. Strangely enough, the answers may help with our own desires for cures for mental illnesses. Panksepp’s experiments may soon lead to a new antidepressant (抗抑郁) drug that works by using the pathways in the brain behind positive feelings and joy. Perhaps pleasure and laughter in the animal world will help solve the depression in our own species one day.

27. Scientists are always interested in doing research on dolphins because dolphins ________.

A. understand humans’ sounds

B. show positive feeling while playing

C. make different sounds when they communicate

D. make a set of sounds during play-fighting games

28. What do the underlined words “our own species” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Animals. B. Humans. C. Sounds. D. Pleasure.

29. From the passage we can learn that ________.

A. people learn to talk before they can laugh.

B. animals have a very good sense of location.

C. humans have known the animals’ happiness well.

D. there is still much left to learn about animals’ laughter.

30. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?

A. Animals Feeling Joy. B. Man and Nature.

C. Sounds Made by Animals. D. A Long Way to Go.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

What is personality? How does knowledge about personality help us?

First of all, let us take a look at what personality means. In general, when psychologists talked about personality, they are usually looking for things that make a person different from others or things that can explain how a person is not the same as others. However, different psychologists have different ways of explaining what personality is. 31 For example, people who are quiet and like to spend more time at home reading and doing their own things are called introverts (性格内向的人). Others who enjoy going out and spend time with other people are called extroverts. 32 Are you an introverts or extroverts?

33 Well, one of the ways is that by knowing how people behave and why they behave in a certain way, we can understand them better. This will help to make our relationship with them stronger. For example, if we know that someone is introvert, we will understand why he or she does not feel comfortable when he or she is with a big group of newly met people. 34

Another way knowledge of personality can help us is when we want to improve ourselves. If we know what personality type we belong to and the reasons we behave the way we do, we can then try to change some of the bad things so that they can become good. 35

A. We may then help this person to make friends and talk to others.

B. Personality makes you different from others.

C. They often use tests to put people in groups and compare them.

D. Second, how can knowledge of personality help us?

E. Personality types affect our life in many ways.

F. In this way, we can make ourselves a better person.

G. Do you know which personality type you are?

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