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C
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life．Relationships with family，friends，neighbors，even pets，will all do the trick，but the biggest longevity(长寿)boost seems to come from marriage or an equiva1ent relationship．The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr，who wrote that widows(丈夫去世的女士)and widowers were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers．Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s．The effect holds for all causes of death，whether illness，accident or self-harm．
    Even if the odds are stacked against you，marriage can more than compensate．Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart．Likewise，a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke．There’s a flip side，however，as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death，and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems．Even so，the odds favor marriage．In a 30-year study of more than l0，000 people，Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects．   
So how does it work? The effects are complex，affected by socio—economic factors，health-service provision，emotional support and other more physiological(生理的)mechanisms．For example，social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system，leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better．Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner．
A life partner，children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to l 00．The ultimate social network is still being mapped out，but Christakis says：“People are interconnected，so their health is interconnected．”
28．William Farr’s study and other studies show that___________.
A．marriage can extend one’s lifetime a lot．
B．being sociable can improve one’s quality of life.
C．women benefit more from marriage than men．
D．social life can help one recover from illness.

29．Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that________．
A．smoking does no harm to married men．
B．marriage can help make up for ill health.
C．the married are happier than the unmarried．
D．unmarried people are likely to suffer more in life.
30．What does Nicholas Christakis say about social networks?
A．They serve as the best way to handle stress．
B．They provide timely support for those in need.
C．They help develop people’s community spirit．
D．They have similar positive effects as a marriage.
31．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．We should share our social networks with each other．
B．To stay healthy，one should have a proper social network．
C．A good relationship can ensure your living to 100．
D．One can develop relationship more easily with children．
D
Traffic problems are an everyday concern in many cities，including Washington，DC．A growing number of Washingtonians are turning to bicycles to get to and from work．In fact，the number of commuters who use bicycles has doubled in the city since 2007．
Ralph Buehler teaches urban planning at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University，popularly known as Virginia Tech．He has written a book about urban biking，called City Cycling．He says there is a reason why urban bike tiding is now becoming more popular．
“Over the last 60 to 70 years，cities in America have adapted to the automobile．”
“Most cities took advantage of the money coming for the interstate highway system，from the federal government， starting in 1956．There was a 90 percent federal match(补贴)so the cities only had to put up 10％．It was very tempting．”
In the years after World War Two，many Americans moved to suburban communities，just outside major cities．They decided to travel great distances to and from work in exchange for a home in the suburbs．Their cars became a symbol of freedom．
But today，many people believe they can save money by living in the city．
Greg Billing is with the Washington Area Bicyclist Association．“When a person makes a change from using a car to using a bike，he／she is saving anywhere between 8 or $9，000 a year．”
Ralph Buehler says governments save money when people use bicycles．“Building bicycling facilities is much cheaper than building and maintaining road facilities or public transport．”
Washington，DC has also taken steps to protect bike riders．It approved a safe passing law and created areas on the road between cars and bikes．
The United States Census Bureau says 4％of the city’s workers ride to work by bike．The only city on the East Coast with more bike commuters is New York．
32．What does the writer mainly talk about in this passage?
A．More people in Washington，DC go to work by bike
B．Bikes lead to new problems in Washington，DC
C．Washington，DC has taken steps to protect bike riders
D．People in Washington，DC prefers cars to bicycles
33．What can we know from Ralph Buehler’s statement?
A．A lot has been invested to build bicycling facilities in cities．
B．The federal government supported building public transport．
C．Cities didn’t use the money from the government wisely．
D．Urban biking has been popular in the last 60 to 70 years．
34．In the years after World War Two，many Americans prefer to____．
A．go to and from work by bike     B．1ive out of the major cities
C．travel long distances a lot D．rent houses rather than buy ones
35．What do Ralph Buehler and Greg Billing agree with?
A．Public transport develop too rapidly recent years．
B．Government should build more bicycle facilities．
C．The cost of living in cities is lower than in the country．
D．More people using bicycles can save money．
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