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C
Economists have studied how markets work for a long time Generally，they work well. But markets do not always perform as expected. Jean Tirole of France won the Nobel Prize in Economics for studying why markets are imperfect，or inefficient，and what governments can do to regulate them.
The Nobel prize committee announced the $1.l million a prize in Stockholm to Jean Tirole. It called Mr. Tirole“one of the most influential economists of our time”.The organization said he had done important research in a number of areas. But it said，“Most of all he has clarified how to understand and regulate industries with only a few powerful firms”.
Mr. Tirole works at the Toulouse School of Economics in Toulouse，France He is 61years old .For about 30 years．Mr .Tirole has researched periods when markets failed，that is，when they did not provide good results in price and competition. He looked at how a small number of large companies，or even a single company，can strongly influence industries. Banking and telecommunications we among the industries he studied.
The Nobel committee said that unregulated markets often produce socially undesirable results．They can result in higher prices or companies that use their market position to block others. The committee said it chose Mr. Tirole because he thought about how best to regulate markets．For example，Tore Ellingsen，Chairman of the committee that awards the economics prize，says Mr. Tirole showed the need to develop better rules for the banking industry. This became urgent after the world financial crisis of 2008— 2009.
The economics prized is called the Bank of Sweden Prize Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel Alfred Nobel did not establish the prize. It was first presented in 1969.
28．what can we know about Jean Tirole?
A. He has studied the economics in Sweden.
B. He is the first to win the Nobel Prize in Economics.
C. He is highly praised by Chairman of the committee.
D. He has made regulations for large companies.
29．What can we learn from the passage?
A. Jean Tirole’s research made the market imperfect or inefficient.
B. Banking and telecommunications are strongly influential industries.
C. The world financial crisis of 2008—2009 regulated the markets.
D. Alfred Nobe1 was unwilling to establish economies prize.
30. What does the word“undesirable”in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Harmful    B. Unbelievable  C. Beneficial    D. Convincing
31. What is the article mainly about?
A. The life of Jean Tirole.
B. The research of Jean Tirole.
C. The history of Nobel Prize in Economics.
D. Jean Tirole Wins Nobel Economics Prize
D
Parents are anxious about their children’s education and should be more detached(超脱的)to allow them to develop naturally，a leading headteacher，Peter Tait，says.
Writing in Attain，the magazine of the Independent Association of Prep Schools，Mr. Tait said．“While parents are determined to do the very best for their child，they can end up doing the opposite，”He said parents need to exercise“common sense and parental nature”when it comes to raising their children.
He added，“Parents also need to have confidence in those whose job it is to look after their children’s education. To do this requires a certain detachment，a willingness to trust the passage of time，focusing on whether their children are happy，challenged and purposeful and are learning the right values．If so，they will be fine”.
However，he said，some parents are changing from“sensible”and“moderate(有节制的)”people，who have faith in their schools and teachers，and are“turning into fighters ready to battle with anything and anyone on behalf of‘their’child”.“What has made some parents put their own child at the centre of the universe and never to care about the rest?”And he also blamed the obsession(强迫症)over league tables for some parents’anxiety. He said，“League tables have caused too much anxiety for parents and have led to a boom in the number of tutoring agencies as parents feel they have no choice but give their children a chance”.
Mr.Tait acknowledged that being a parent has become increasingly difficult．He conclude，“While teachers may occasionally fed discouraged by over sensitive and demanding parents，they should note that this parenting lark is rather more difficult than it used to be”.
32. Why does Mr. Tait say parents should be more detached?
A. They haven’t tried their best for their children.
B. They have no common sense or parental nature.
C. It’s wrong for them to care about children’s education.
D. Their effort doesn’t pay off.
33. What does Mr.Tail think parents should care more about?
A. Children’s mental development   B. Children’s school reports．
C. Children’s wide interests     D. Children’s physical health.
34. Which of the following can hest replace the underlined phrase“league tables”in  Paragraph 4?
A．Parents’ obsession     B．Teachers detachment
C．Students’scores ranking D．Faith in school and teachers
35. What’s the main idea of the text?
A. Parenting is more difficult than it was.
B. Parents should allow children lo develop naturally．
C. Teachers may feel discouraged by demanding parents.
D. Children should be put at the center of the universe．
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