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After thinking for a while, Julia said “Anyway, we should go and check whether she is all right.”
Approaching prudently, they could see a wound on the old lady’s forehead. She had knocked her head on a stone and was unconscious.
“Go and get Dad,” Mia yelled to her brothers. “Tell him about the accident.”
The boys didn’t need another excuse to leave. They ran as fast as they could for help, hoping that Mrs. Taylor would not regain consciousness and turn the girls into frogs.
Later, in the hospital, the old lady smiled her thanks. “I was so lucky that you lovely children happened to be passing when 1 fell. I must have yelled quite loudly.”
The children exchanged guilty glances, but were very pleased that she was not a witch after all!
62. Mrs. Taylor stopped sweeping when_______.
A. her doorstep became very clean B. she heard the hen making sounds loudly
C. she noticed the children in the tree D. her cat Michael managed to get her attention
63. Why was Patrick not willing to help Mrs. Taylor when she fell?
A. He thought that she could be cheating them. B. He was afraid of the three-legged black cat.
C. He did not think that she was hurt in the fall. D. He knew he and the others shouldn’t have been in her tree.
64. Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the underlined word “prudently” ?
A. Slowly. B. Hurriedly. C. Carefully. D. Quietly.
65. Which of these old sayings best summaries the lesson from story?
A. Make hey while the sun shines. B. Never judge a book by its cover.
C. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. D. People in glasshouses shouldn’t throw stones.
D
Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long¬-term scars on children’s bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature aging.
Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children’s chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres, says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.
Telomeres are special DNA sequences which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.
Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres, including smoking, radiation and psychological stresses such as being treated badly when young and taking care of a chronically ill person.
In this study, researchers examined whether exposure to violence could make children’s telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at ages 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the youngsters had been exposed to domestic violence between the mother and her partner; physical maltreatment by an adult; or bullying. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres—in cells obtained by swabbing the insides of their cheeks—at ages 5 and 10.
Telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless that pattern changes, the study suggests, these kids could be expected to develop diseases of aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to 10 years earlier than their peers.
Shalev says there is hope for these kids. His study found that, in rare cases, telomeres can lengthen. Better nutrition, exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres, he says.
He study confirms a small but growing number of studies suggesting that early childhood adversity imprints itself in our chromosomes, says Charles Nelson, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at Harvard Medical School.
66. The new study found that ________.
A. violence leaves scars on a child’s mind B. hardship can change a child’s aging
C. violence can speed up a child’s aging D. hardship has a long¬-term effect on a child’s mind
67. According to the text, telomeres ________.
A. can make a cell die quickly B. can help prevent DNA from separating
C. become shorter before they die D. are at the ends of people’s chromosomes
68. All of the following things can shorten telomeres EXCEPT ________.
A. smoking B. cell division C. maltreatment D. doing exercise
69. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the text?
A. Violence can cause quick cell division in children’s body.
B. Being treated badly will make a child’s telomeres shorten faster.
C. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres from their legs in the study.
D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.
70. Which is the best title for the passage?
   A. Violence Ages Children’s DNA B. Children’s Changing DNA Patterns
   C. Violence and Telomeres D. the Function of Telomeres
 
第二卷
第一节: 单词拼写(5分)
71. New York is a  m_________________ city where people from different backgrounds work and live together.
72. He dislikes me and never supports me. In a word, he has  p_______________ against me.
73. The man from the insurance company is making  a___________ of the accident and will make compensation.
74. Ladies and gentlemen, welcome board our flight！ Our  s____________ will serve foods and drinks during the five-hour trip.
75. Taiwan is part of China and we will never allow its  s________________ from the mainland.
76. A positive attitude will keep one healthy both physically and  s_________________.
77. Several teachers are awarded prizes for their  d_______________ to their work.
78. She had a normal  p_________________ and delivered a healthy child.
79. I went to the basketball match and got Kobe’s  a_________________ signature(亲笔签名) after the game.
80. A good student is one who is self-disciplined, imaginative and full of  c_________________ .
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