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The language used by scientists to explain complex ideas can be difficult and sometimes even boring. The language, with its Latin words and long scientific terms, could be one reason some people avoid learning about science, especially children.
American Danielle Dixson is a marine biologist. She wants to make science fun for children. Dixson has turned that idea into a series of children's books. The nine books are written so that her research is easy to understand.
"I just don't really think kids should be left out of it and I thought that story books may be one of the easiest ways to sort of captivate them and have them understand."
Danielle Dixson is an assistant professor at the University of Delaware. Dixson says another goal of her science writing is to help increase understanding of the ocean environment.
She spent almost two years in the South Pacific working on her post-doctoral research. She went to the island nation of Fiji to investigate coral reefs that are collapsing or, as she says, degrading.
The goal of her research is to identify why some healthy coral reefs are breaking down. She also wants to find out how this degradation affects fish that live in and around the reefs.
"A number of the reefs are converting from being, you know, these beautiful coral reef systems that have a lot of holes for animals to hide in, into reefs that the coral's degrading and collapsing and then there is not as much hiding spaces for fishes and things like that."
Early in her research, Dixson made some videos for people in Fiji. The videos explained her work to the local community. She says she wanted them to understand how her research would help them.
For the local children, Dixson started making books explaining her work. This helped to keep them from walking through her "laboratory" - baby pools filled with water she was using for her experiments. "I was living, actually, in the village with some of the locals. It was a lot easier to get research done if they understood what I was doing and how it would help them. And one of the ways that I was able to connect with the adults was I would make these videos for them. And then I started making children's books for the kids so that they would have a better idea of why I was there, so that when I ask them not to walk through the baby pools I was using for experiments or something like that, that that would actually happen." she added.
When Dixson returned to the United States, she started doing the same thing for children in this country. She uses colorful story books to capture the imagination of children. While she has their attention, she provides very useful information about science.
As a marine scientist, Dixson wants her stories to be both educational and inspirational, serving as an agent for change. She also includes in her books "a call to action," asking readers what they can do to make a difference.
"One of the things I do in those story books is I have a last page. And the last page talks about what you can do to help. You know, there is a lot of things that even a 6-year-old is able to do, whether it's shutting your lights off when you leave a room, or riding your bike to your friend's house instead of having your parents drive you. There is a lot of stuff that they can do and still feel they're making a difference."
Danielle Dixson's books shine a light on the environmental problems facing our world's oceans. They also make science fun and understandable for children. But her books may have an unintended consequence, something she may not have planned on.
【文章大意】文章主要介绍美国的海洋生物学家Dixson通过保护珊瑚礁的过程将科学变得生动有趣并通过她所撰写的书籍让人们尤其是孩子们参与到科学中。
59. What may lead to people’s negative attitude toward science learning?
  A. The language can’t explain scientific ideas clearly.
  B. Scientists are always boring and difficult to communicate with.
  C. The language usually contains complicated words and terms.
  D. People don’t need to understand science at all.
60. Which of the following may be the purpose of Dixson’s science writing?
  A. To make the record of her research.   B. To make people aware of ocean environment
  C. To raise money for her research      D. To warn people of dangerous ocean lives.
B  细节理解题  依据文章第二段中的“The nine books are written so that her research is easy to understand.”以及第四段中的“another goal of her science writing is to help increase understanding of the ocean environment.”可知她写书的目的是使得科学知识便于理解以及能增加人们对海洋环境的理解，故选B适合。
61. What can we infer from Dixson’s research on coral reefs in Fiji?
  A. She’s targeted at breaking down unhealthy coral reefs.
  B. Coral reefs can shelter many fishes around.
  C. The videos she made served the local community well.
  D. Children there helped her a lot to accomplish books.
B  推理判断题  依据文章第七段中的“these beautiful coral reef systems that have a lot of holes for animals to hide in”可以判断出B项内容正确；她的研究目的是找出珊瑚礁分解的的原因并找出对鱼类的影响，故A项错误；依据文章细节可知她做视频是为了能更好地完成她的研究并且写书的目的是让孩子们更好地了解她的工作，故C项和D项错误。
62. What may be the title of the passage?
  A. You Reap What You Sow          B. Unity Is Strength
  C. Haste Makes Waste               D. Circumstances Alter Cases
 
A  标题归纳题  文章主要介绍美国的海洋生物学家Dixson通过保护珊瑚礁的过程将科学变得生动有趣并通过她所撰写的书籍让人们尤其是孩子们参与到科学中，A项表示“一份耕耘，一份收获”，即付出得到回报与文章大意相符；B项是“团结就是力量”；C项表示“欲速则不达”；D项表示“具体情况具体分析”。
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C
Hundreds of Chinese officials are to be sacked or demoted(降职) for their part in a vaccine scandal that has added to discontent at poor oversight of food and drug safety, especially relating to children.
Xinhua, the state news agency, said late on Wednesday that 357 officials are to face punishment, with 192 criminal cases already filed and 202 people detained(拘留)after improperly stored or transported vaccines were sent to 59 health institutions.
This is the latest in a string of food and drug safety scandals in a country where parents often import products for infants and babies from overseas to ensure quality. Many remember with fear the 2008 milk powder scandal, in which infant formula laced with melamine(三聚氰胺)caused at least six deaths and 300,000 children to fall ill.
Beijing last month made public an illegal operation in eastern Shandong province in which a hospital pharmacist and her daughter traded $88m in vaccines that may have been compromised because they were expired or improperly stored or transported.
The China Food and Drug Administration said, however, that the vaccines posed no greater than the normal risk to patients. “We don’t see that the vaccines’ effectiveness has been reduced,” added the health watchdog in a report.
Nonetheless, health officials fear a backlash against Chinese-manufactured vaccines, which already have a reputation for being more dangerous than those made overseas.
Wang Yuedan, deputy director of Peking University’s immunology department, said the key to evaluating risks is to check whether package seals are broken or for pollution with micro-organisms. “The vaccines in the Shandong case don’t have those problems,” he said.
Those vaccines had been subject to higher than normal temperatures that could have lowered their effectiveness and reduced their protective value. But the official investigation showed the vaccines “are still effective”, he said.
Beijing, which publicized the affair almost a year after it was exposed, and several years after it started, appeared eager to show commitment to crack down on abuses by announcing the action, political analysts said.
The CFDA said a system was being set up to track vaccines from production to use.
The World Health Organization warned the scandal could endanger China’s public health gains if parents become distrustful of vaccines. It also expressed confidence in Chinese vaccines, saying public immunization campaigns had erased polio(小儿麻痹症) and sharply reduced cases of hepatitis B(乙肝)and measles.
【文章大意】文章主要报道了山东疫苗事件及其处理的相关事宜。
63. According to Wang Yuedan’s opinion, the vaccines in Shandong ______.
  A. were polluted by micro-organisms.   B. were resistant to high temperature.
  C. decreased their value of protection    D. were still effective
C  细节理解题  依据文章第七和第八段落的内容可知在王月丹看来这些疫苗没有受到污染但它们的有效性和保护价值有所下降，D项不是她的观点，故C项正确。
64. What’s the WHO’s attitude toward Chinese vaccines?
  A. Indifferent     B. Skeptical      C. Objective     D. Hopeful 
65. The passage is most probably from a ______.
  A. scientific research   B. medical journal   C. law document   D. news report
D  文章出处题  依据文章第二段以及整篇文章的大意可知这是一篇新闻报道，故D项适合。
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